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Automotive LED Lighting-光電效應
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光電效應是指物質吸收光子並激發出自由電子的行為。當金屬表面在特定的光輻照作用下，金屬會吸收光子並發射電子，發射出來的電子叫做光電子。光的波長需小於某一臨界值（相等於光的頻率高於某一臨界值）時方能發射電子，其臨界值即極限頻率和極限波長。臨界值取決於金屬材料，而發射電子的能量取決於光的波長而非光的強度，這一點無法用光的波動性解釋。還有一點與光的波動性相矛盾，即光電效應的瞬時性，按波動性理論，如果入射光較弱，照射的時間要長一些，金屬中的電子才能積累住足夠的能量，飛出金屬表面。可事實是，只要光的頻率高於金屬的極限頻率，光的亮度無論強弱，電子的產生都幾乎是瞬時的，不超過十的負九次方秒。正確的解釋是光必定是由與波長有關的嚴格規定的能量單位(即光子或光量子)所組成。這種解釋為愛因斯坦所提出。光電效應由德國物理學家赫茲於1887年發現，對發展量子理論及波粒二象性起了根本性的作用。
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LED Lamps- Street LED Lighting
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2月26日，歐盟在官方公報上公佈委員會決議2010/122/EU，該決議表示將對LED中的鎘進行豁免。
據悉，鑑於對LED中的鎘進行替代在技術上還不成熟，因此決定對其進行豁免。2010/122/EU中還要求，在RoHS指令的附錄（即豁免）中增加第39條：「2014年7月1日前應用於固態照明或顯示系統中的色彩轉換II-VI族LED（< 10μg坎德拉每平方毫米發光面積）中使用的鎘」。
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Automotive LED_日本研究人員開發出一種新技術，可以將OLED發光效率提高近三倍
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最近，日本研究人員開發出一種新技術，可以將OLED發光效率提高近三倍。新技術將有助於加速OLED技術的產業化發展。目前，OLED發光效率一般在20%左右。
日本東京工業大學和新日本石油公司的研究人員表示，可以通過改變OLED內部材料的表面結構，來達到提高OLED發光效率的目的。OLED通常採用一層非常薄的有機材料塗層加玻璃基板製作而成，有機材料塗層上方有一層金屬電極。當電極加上電壓，有機材料塗層便有電流通過從而發光。OLED發光效率通常不高，而該研究團隊的技術關鍵就在於把有機材料塗層和電極表面加工成細小的褶皺狀，提高了OLED發光效率。
在實驗中，東京工業大學教授竹添秀男等人將有機材料塗層和電極表面做成凹凸不平的褶皺狀，結果OLED發光效率能夠提高到原有水平的2.9倍左右。
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AUTO LED Lighting-2009年全球照明市場光源產值約22.3億美元
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2009年全球照明市場光源產值約22.3億美元，其中LED照明部份僅佔3%，市場發展潛力無窮。隨著綠能議題的發酵與各國陸續規範禁用白熾燈，照明領域大廠飛利浦（Philips）預測在2015年時，LED照明的市占率將到達50%-60%，取代傳統照明成為下一個世代的新趨勢。
看好LED照明未來發展潛力，越來越多廠商相繼跨足LED產業，如何在競爭激烈的市場中脫穎而出？選擇良好的LED照明解決方案是決勝關鍵，其中包含良好的信賴性、壽命長的驅動元件、電源裝置等，才能確保LED照明產品壽命的基礎不會發生問題。
由台灣飛利浦主辦，LEDinside協辦的2010 LED Seminar - Partner Up with Philips LED Solutions，將在2010年3月15、16日分別於台北與新竹舉辦，議程內容包含LED照明市場發展趨勢分析與飛利浦最新LED照明解決方案的介紹，將帶給與會者不同的新思維，激盪創意、拓展商機。
現場將展示飛利浦LED驅動電源裝置XITANIUM系列，具有5萬小時的長壽命，提供穩定的電流輸出，符合北美、歐盟等主要安全規範，適合用於室內外LED照明產品。
另外，飛利浦也推出LED光源模組，旗下的FORTIMO系列是針對下照式照明（聚光燈／筒燈）設計的高品質LED／線型LED光源模組，具備穩定可靠的特性，是室內與室外照明LED的優質首選
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LED Lamps-LED Lighting
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In 1861, using three primary colors of light hybrid method, to produce the first color photograph is Maxwell.
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Automotive LED-馬克斯韋在研究中發現了把兩塊中間夾著介質.並不存在自由荷電也就是沒有傳導
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馬克斯韋在研究中發現了把兩塊中間夾著介質
的金屬板(即電容器)接在交變電源上，介質內並不存在自由荷電也就是沒有傳導
電流，可是磁場卻存在。凡是有磁場變化的地方，周圍不管是導體或者介質，都有一定有感
應電場存在。除此之外還證明了：不懂變化的磁場會產生電場，而且變化的電場
也會產生磁場。
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LED Lamps-義大利工程師馬可尼實現了遠距離無線電傳播
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在赫茲宣布實驗結果後不久，義大利工程師馬可尼（G.Marconi，1874-1937）
與俄國的波波夫（A.S. Popov，1859-1906）同於一八九五年分別實現了遠距離無
線電傳播。進入二十世紀後，電磁波的每個波段（包括無線長波、無線短波、微
波、紅外線、可見光、紫外線、X射線、γ射線）都找到了實用價值，成為人類
不可一日或缺的夥伴。
熱學
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LED Lamps-湯姆生-指出陰極線是迅速移動的微粒,這種微粒就是現在所說的電子
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受封為約瑟夫爵士（Sir Joseph） 英國物理學家。1897年他指出，陰極線是迅速移動的微粒，並且通過電磁場測量其轉移得出，這些微粒比已知最輕原子粒子還要小2,000倍。這種微粒就是現在所說的電子，湯姆生起初將其稱為微粒子。這一發現是認識原子結構的一場革命。1903年湯姆生陸續提出了光線理論，預示了後來愛因斯坦的量子理論。後來湯姆生又發現了同位素，並發明了質譜測量。1906年湯姆生因研究氣體的電傳導獲諾貝爾物理學獎。
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Automotive LED-電磁波之母——赫茲
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電磁波之母——赫茲
1888年，赫茲在柏林大學隨赫姆霍茲學物理時，受赫姆霍茲鼓勵，研究麥克斯韋電磁理論。因此赫茲就決定以實驗來證實麥克斯韋理論正確性。依照麥克斯韋理論，電擾動能輻射電磁波。赫茲根據電容器經由電火花會產生振蕩原理，設計了一套電磁波發生器。赫茲將一感應線圈的兩端接于產生器二銅棒上。當感應線圈的電流突然中斷時，其感應高電壓使電火花隙之間產生火花。瞬間後，電荷便經由電火花隙在鋅板間振蕩，頻率高達數百萬周。由麥克斯韋理論，此火花應產生電磁波，於是赫茲設計了一簡單的檢波器來探測此電磁波。他將一小段導線彎成圓形，線的兩端點間留有小電火花隙。電磁波應在此小線圈上產生感應電壓，而使電火花隙產生火花。所以他坐在一暗室內，檢波器距振蕩器10米遠，結果他發現檢波器的電火花隙間確有小火花產生。
1888年，赫茲的實驗成功了，赫茲的發現具有劃時代的意義，它不僅證實了麥克斯韋發現的真理，更重要的是開創了無線電電子技術的新紀元。
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Automotive LED Lighting-Discussion on the basis of special relativity
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Discussion on the basis of special relativity
When people move to the speed of light, it will live forever, because the light in space is not required at any time, or, more strictly speaking, require a very short time. Moving in space, will affect the movement in time, so no matter when, when we have the movement in space, time, to some extent, we have changed our rate into the future, and this is the so-called time dilation . Time dilation is the special theory of relativity one of them.
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Automotive LED Lighting-Zeeman effect
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In December 1897, Preston (T.supeston) reported that, in many experiments is not always observed spectral lines split into three intervals are not the same, it is this phenomenon called the anomalous Zeeman effect will be found in the phenomenon called the Zeeman original normal Zeeman effect. Anomalous Zeeman effect of the mechanism in the subsequent period of 20 years have not been able to be a good explanation, troubled by a large number of physicists. In 1925, two Dutch students Uhlenbeck (GEUhlenbeck ,1900 - 1974) and ancient pursuing with (SAGoudsmit ,1902 - 1978) put forward the electron spin hypothesis well explains the anomalous Zeeman effect.
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Automtive LED Lighting-康普頓散射或康普頓效應(compton effect)
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物理學中，康普頓散射或康普頓效應(compton effect)，是指當X射線或伽瑪射線的光子跟物質交互作用，其中一部分跟原來的X射線波長相同而有一部分波長因失去能量而導致波長變長的現象。相應的還存在逆康普頓效應——光子獲得電子的動量引起波長變短。
這一波長變化的幅度被稱為康普頓偏移。
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Automotive LED Lighting-Movement of objects will change the physical quantity.
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Movement of objects will change the physical quantity.
Time and space, were observed physical quantities - in sports with people in a quiescent state, a state of physical quantities will be different.
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Automotive Lighting-LED-Einstein's radiation theory
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Einstein's radiation theory
As early as 1905, Einstein proposed in his light quantum hypothesis, in relation to implied volatility and the particle nature of light in two ways ideas. His analysis of Newton and Huygens from since the wave theory and the long-standing dispute between the particles, said, pointing out the limitations of Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, reviewed the idea of Planck blackbody radiation treatment, summed up the interaction between light and matter related to Phenomena that the light in the dissemination process and the process of interaction with matter, energy is not dispersed, but a child in a manner of energy in the form of.
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Automotive LED Lighting-Wave-particle duality
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Wave-particle duality
The first positive light both have the volatility of the particulates in the Einstein. In his view, not only in being electromagnetic radiation emission and absorption of energy hv, when the particles form, and movement in space, but also with such fine particles. Einstein's brilliant idea is to study the emergence and transformation of radiation when the evolving. At the same time, experimental physicists are also relatively independently made the same view. Which WH Bragg and AH Compton (ArthurHollyCompton ,1892-1962). Compton proved that photons and electrons in the interaction not only energy conversion, there is a certain degree of momentum exchange.
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AUTO LED Lighting-white LED light efficiency success has reached the practical
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Aluminum gallium nitride materials were considered to be the best deep-ultraviolet light-emitting materials, the research team by reducing the aluminum gallium nitride buffer layer and dislocation density and to an electronic block layer multi-quantum-barrier quantum-well light-emitting layer into the upper part of the world's highest achieved power output. The research is broken in the past can not be deep-UV LED to achieve high efficiency awareness, success has reached the practical level of UV output power. Meanwhile, the multi-quantum barrier not only to the ultraviolet light-emitting element, has been useful for the blue LED, green LD and LED, white LED light efficiency is also possible.
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Automotive LED-Wavelengths between 220 nm to 350 nm high-power LED
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Wavelengths between 220 nm to 350 nm high-power deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes in the sterilization, water purification, medical care, high-density optical record, high-color LED lighting and high-speed decomposition of the material dealing with public nuisance in areas such as widely used. So far, the deep-ultraviolet light source to excimer laser and a variety of frequency doubling lasers, and other gases and solids as a medium of UV laser and gas lamps for the mainstream, but there are bulky, short life, the shortcomings of high prices, it is difficult practical application. The use of semiconductor high-brightness LED deep UV and deep UV LD, can achieve miniaturization, access to cheap, efficient and long-life UV light source, application and broader prospects.
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CHIMING LED-UV LED
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Directly to the efficiency of UV disinfection is the highest around 250 ~ 280 nm wavelength domain, and in the decomposition of organic matter, dust, dioxins and other pollution substances difficult to decompose, with the wavelength 270 ~ 320 nm with UV irradiation such as titanium dioxide photocatalyst ultraviolet irradiation system has a relatively good decomposition results. The research team plans to further enhance the wavelength of 250 ~ 280 nm with the sterilization efficiency of using deep-ultraviolet light until the realization of wide-area wavelength of 220 ~ 390 nm wavelength of the highly efficient, and deep-UV high-power output in-depth study with a view to the current 1.5% efficiency of up to 10-digit percentage points.
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Sterilization with LED-LED Lighting-automotive LED-lED殺菌
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日本產業技術綜合研究所用LED製作出了具有殺菌效果的紫外線燈。據悉，主要的殺菌方法有高溫殺菌、化學藥物殺菌、紫外線殺菌。這些殺菌方法中，水銀燈紫外線殺菌是重要的殺菌手段。紫外線殺菌不但對耐熱性菌有效，而且沒有化學藥品殺菌的副作用，可以直接作用於細菌的DNA抑制其增殖。
特別是DNA吸收波長為260納米左右的光線，殺菌效果明顯。目前大多應用的殺菌方法是發出256納米波長紫外線的低壓水銀燈。但若水銀洩漏，會對環境造成破壞。此外，水銀燈設備本身體積也很大，因此市場要求開發出不使用水銀，又輕便簡單的紫外線殺菌設備。
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Automotive LED-Automotive穩健成長
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飛利浦的照明方面營收為18.46億歐元，營業獲利為4100萬歐元，佔總營收29%，其原因在於2009年因重整成本縮減，導致各部門營收成長。照明營收由於Lumileds以及Automotive穩健成長且白熾燈開始實施禁用政策而成長幅度大增， 但因為Professional Luminaires還維持在兩位數的衰退，使增長的營收抵銷。EBITA增加1.97億歐元，與2008年Q4相比成長一成，主要是因為Lumileds以及Automotive方面有相當高的營運收入。
飛利浦指出，目前LED燈泡事業佔10%以上燈泡事業的營收，換算後約為1.85億歐元以上。飛利浦表示，除了在各大部門加強以及穩固現在出色的市場位置，他們希望也能成為室外照明的領導者、擴大其消費者照明事業以及使其燈具生命週期最佳化。
飛利浦總部的第4代生態願景（Eco Vision 4）計畫，從2007年執行至2012年，將該公司鉤勒出的照明、醫療保健、優質生活事業作為公司的三大核心。飛利浦2009年綠色產品銷售已經占總營收的31%，比預期預計在2015年達到50%的目標。
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LED Lighting-日本研發的深紫外線LED輸出功率創世界紀錄
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日本研發的深紫外線LED輸出功率創世界紀錄
tracy_wang 近日，日本理化學研究所和科學技術振興機構(JST)公佈，其開發的波長為250納米的深紫外線LED成功實現了15毫瓦的高輸出功率，電子注入效率提高了80%。
該研究小組通過降低氮化鋁鎵緩衝層脫位密度以及把作為電子塊層的多量子屏障插入量子阱發光層的上部，實現了世界最高功率輸出。研究成果打破了以往深紫外線LED不可能實現高功效的認識，成功使紫外線輸出功率達到實用水平。同時，多量子屏障不僅對紫外線發光元件，對已經實用的藍色LED、綠色LD及LED、白色LED燈的效率的提高也有可能。
紫外線直接殺菌效率最高的是250~280納米附近的波長域，而在分解有機物、塵埃、二惡英等難分解性污染物質方面，用波長270~320納米帶紫外光照射氧化鈦等光催化劑的紫外線照射系統具有比較好的分解效果。該研究小組計劃進一步提高波長250~280納米帶的殺菌用深紫外線效率，直至實現波長220~390納米廣域波長的高效化，並對深紫外線的高功率輸出進行深入研究，以期將目前1.5%的效率提高至十位數百分點。
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LED Lighting-S50 E27-3UHP
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LED life is relatively long, generally 100 times longer than light bulbs, fluorescent tube length than the average 10 times, can be made very small volume that can be wound or the array of components, and non-thermal radiation and non-toxic mercury, etc. substances. The current high-brightness LED illumination, has up to 75 lumens per watt or more, are able to achieve the effect of normal light bulbs.
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LED Lighting-LED照明品質之重要性
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LED照明品質之重要性，並使用三種配光曲線之LED燈具，來分析比較直接照明方式之不同效果。直接照明優點是空間照度較充足，但其缺點是較容易造成眩光及配光均勻度不佳等問題，這些都會影響LED燈具在空間照明品質優劣。上述LED燈具展現之數據均未達到照明要求之品質，若想改善照明品質，可利用間接或半間接照明進行改善，但是可能會有整體空間照度不足等問題。或亦可利用一次光學設計，使LED元件本身發光曲線分佈更均勻，也是另ㄧ改善方法。
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LED Lighting-S50 E27-3UHP
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General lighting methods can be divided into direct lighting, semi-direct lighting, like the proliferation of all lighting, semi-indirect lighting and indirect lighting. Direct lighting because of the design easier and the use of convenient, is the most common lighting approach, the drawback is prone to glare and poor light distribution uniformity.
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Pinball Lamps-LED Lighting
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Pinball Lamps-E14-S25-24LED-G.jpg
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LED proportion of each part of heat flux, of which aluminum plate (MCPCB) and the electrode pins (Lead) the largest percentage share of heat, due to LED junction temperature is much lower temperatures than other light sources, it is unable to heat and light radiation mode with Injection to go, so LED as much as about 90% of the waste heat to heat conduction outward proliferation, under the action of a high current intensity, LED chip junction temperature increases, the need for a good LED package and module design, to provide adequate heat transfer LED ways to reduce the junction temperature.
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Pinball Lamps---AUTO LED Lighting
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Pinball Lamps-1156-18LED-W.jpg
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The more traditional form of high-power LED packaging, packaging technology silicon panels have more advantages, such as: good heat dissipation, reliability (due to thermal expansion coefficient of silicon is consistent with the LED chip), consistency of color temperature control (due to uniformity high fluorescent powder coating method), micro-oriented (wafer-level lens mold and micro-electromechanical systems process) as well as more flexible custom design and layout of the placing of the grain.
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Pinball Lamps---AUTO LED Lighting
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1142-15SMD-W.JPG
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General low-power LED modules (such as direct lighting applications, buttons or dashboard lights) are mostly carried out with silver plastic solid crystal, which is currently in the industrial sector where LED has been the most widely used solid-crystal technology. The so-called silver plastic is actually a large number of silver powder mixed with epoxy resin inside, to make it conductive and thermal conductivity. Although a large number of silver powder can be mixed with the silver plastic to obtain a high thermal conductivity (> 30W/mK), but also because of the relative decline in the proportion of epoxy-tree, resulting in poor strength of solid crystal, making the original use of lower thermal resistance to increase the reliability degree of approach, results in a solid crystalline solid strength caused by poor quality of instability. Moreover, silver epoxy adhesive composition itself and can not withstand high temperatures, especially when the chips operate in more than 2W high current (eg 700mA), at the same time enhance the brightness, on-chip hot spots (hot spot) heating phenomenon is very may be caused by silver adhesive main reason for quality deterioration. Even so, the silver colloidal crystalline solid way to process due to lower cost, making the process relatively easy for many, is therefore still in the industrial sector has been widely adopted.
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Automotive LED-黑體輻射
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Blackbody radiation-.jpg
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黑體輻射類似金屬逐漸加溫,當溫度上升到1000(K)時,金屬微紅色.溫度到2000(K)時,金屬成黃紅色.當金屬到2800(K)時,金屬成黃白色光.(K)是絕對溫度的單位.
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Automotive LED-Under Car Lights & Daytime Running lights-9CSMD
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Under Car Lights-9CSMD.jpg
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Chi-Ming LED newly-developed a new high-power products that can greatly enhance the brightness and quality through rigorous testing, we focus on the development of plants (Under Car Lights & Daytime Running lights-9CSMD) new products.
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Auto LED Lighting-Festoon Lamps-10x31-1UHP
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Intrior Lights-Festoon lamps-10x31---1UHP.jpg
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Chi-Ming LED newly-developed a new high-power products that can greatly enhance the brightness and quality through rigorous testing, we focus on the development of plants (Festoon Lamps-10x31-1UHP) new products.
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